Organization of research libraries in the United States and Canada. Correspondence, memoranda, minutes of meetings, reports, financial records, printed matter, and miscellaneous items relating to the association's membership and its assessment and evaluation projects and services on behalf of client institutions.

Physicist, engineer, government official, and science administrator. The collection relates primarily to Vannevar Bush's role as coordinator of the scientific community for defense efforts during and after World War II when he served as chairman of the National Defense Research Committee and director of its successor, the Office of Scientific Research and Development, where he supervised the Manhattan Project and other programs.

National Science Foundation director, microbiologist, educator, and administrator. Correspondence, writings, speeches, clippings, notes, meeting minutes, subject files, and other papers in both physical and digital formats documenting Colwell’s tenure as National Science Foundation director and career as a microbiologist.

Physicist, educator, and research director. Diary, correspondence, subject files, speeches, writings, telephone logs, minutes of meetings, appointment books, newspaper clippings, biographical material, and photographs primarily related to Haworth's career as director of the National Science Foundation and as special assistant to the president of Associated Universities, Inc.

Nuremberg prosecutor and foreign policy advisor to the President's Science Advisory Committee. Reports, press releases, printed matter, memoranda, photographs, clippings, and other material pertaining chiefly to Margolies's work as a consultant for the United States Agency for International Development and other organizations.

Lawyer and public official. Correspondence, reports of congressional hearings, memoranda, notes, drafts of legislation, and printed material relating to the enactment of the Atomic Energy Act, proposed legislation creating the National Science Foundation, and other subjects pertaining to the mobilization of natural resources, atomic energy, and allied scientific information.

Geophysicist and science administrator. Correspondence, memoranda, organizational and government records, reports, writings, printed matter, scientific data, photographs, subject files, and miscellaneous material relating to Shapley's career and his participation in the International Geophysical Year 1957-1958.

Physicist, astrophysicist, and educator. Correspondence, computation notebooks, technical memoranda and notes, patents, teaching files, astronomical observations, grants and projects, subject files, legal files, speeches, writings, biographical material, awards, printed matter, photographs, digital files, microfilm, and other papers relating to Townes's career beginning in 1948.

Physicist and science administrator. Correspondence, diary notes, speeches, articles, travel itineraries, subject file, and biographical material chiefly relating to Waterman’s activities as an administrator of scientific research organizations including his years as deputy chief of the United States Office of Naval Research and as director of the United States National Science Foundation.