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| LABOR | |||||||||||||
| Depression era cases often concerned forced labor or peonage. Thereafter, the fund worked to define fair employment practices by challenging discrimination in government employment or by companies receiving government contracts, exclusion of African Americans from professional associations or union membership, especially when unions negotiated contracts and were otherwise consulted on labor practices. | |||||||||||||
| Alabama | |||||||||||||
| Davis v. Arn, 1950-1953 | |||||||||||||
| California | |||||||||||||
| Bacon v. Local 9, Bricklayers and Tile Setters Union, 1949 | |||||||||||||
| Connecticut | |||||||||||||
| Commission on Civil Rights ex rel. Tilley v. International Bhd. of Elec. Workers Local 35; Commission on Civil Rights ex rel. Stewart v. International Bhd. of Elec. Workers Local 35, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| International Bhd. of Elec. Workers Local 35 v. Commission on Civil Rights, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Illinois | |||||||||||||
| Howard v. Local 74, Wood, Wire, & Metal Lathers Int'l Union, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Young v. Chicago Hous. Auth., 1952 | |||||||||||||
| Kansas | |||||||||||||
| Betts v. Easley, 1946 | |||||||||||||
| Kentucky | |||||||||||||
| Benjamin v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., circa 1944 | |||||||||||||
| Maryland | |||||||||||||
| Enoch Pratt Free Library v. Kerr, 1945 | |||||||||||||
| Missouri | |||||||||||||
| Howard v. Saint Louis-San Francisco Ry., 1951 | |||||||||||||
| New York | |||||||||||||
| American Jewish Congress v. Arabian American Oil Co., 1959 | |||||||||||||
| Ivory v. Edwards, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| Joseph v. Boyce, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| Ocasio v. Fox, 1952 | |||||||||||||
| Ohio | |||||||||||||
| Turner v. Warner & Swasey Co., 1942 | |||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania | |||||||||||||
| Dargon v. Yellow Cab Co. of Pittsburgh, 1952 | |||||||||||||
| Rhode Island | |||||||||||||
| Hill v. International Bhd. of Boilermakers, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| South Carolina | |||||||||||||
| Derrick v. Local 470, International Union of Operating Eng'rs, 1951-1952 | |||||||||||||
| Texas | |||||||||||||
| Alexander v. Texas, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Harvey v. Morgan, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Syres v. Oil Workers Union Local 23, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| Virginia | |||||||||||||
| Rolax v. Atlantic Coast Line R.R., 1950 | |||||||||||||
| Washington, D.C. | |||||||||||||
| New Negro Alliance v. Sanitary Grocery Co., 1938 | |||||||||||||
| Palmer v. Southern Ry., 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Taylor v. Brotherhood of Ry. & S.S. Clerks, 1951-1952 | |||||||||||||
| MISCELLANEOUS | |||||||||||||
| Includes cases which do not fit into outlined categories. Of note are the cases involving the NAACP's right to do business in various states in the 1950s, particularly in Texas. | |||||||||||||
| California | |||||||||||||
| Acheson v. Murakami, 1949 (citizenship of Nisei) | |||||||||||||
| Williams v. McClellan, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Florida | |||||||||||||
| Jackson v. Boger, 1950 | |||||||||||||
| Georgia | |||||||||||||
| Holmes v. City of Atlanta, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| Illinois | |||||||||||||
| Beauharnais v. Illinois, 1952 (free press) | |||||||||||||
| Maryland | |||||||||||||
| Afro-American Co. v. Owen, 1956-1957 (free press) | |||||||||||||
| DeAngelis v. Board of Liquor License Comm'rs for Baltimore, Md., circa 1955 (liquor licensing) | |||||||||||||
| Lancaster v. Hammond, 1949 ("Ober Bill Case") | |||||||||||||
| Nebraska | |||||||||||||
| Batterson v. Omaha Post Number One of the American Legion, 1948 (communists excluded from organization) | |||||||||||||
| New Jersey | |||||||||||||
| In re Marshall, 1949 | |||||||||||||
| New York | |||||||||||||
| Adler v. Board of Educ. of the City of New York, 1951 (communists barred from teaching, N.Y.) | |||||||||||||
| Bailey v. Wilkins, 1950-1951 (NAACP branch dispute) | |||||||||||||
| Bright v. NAACP, 1951 (NAACP finances) | |||||||||||||
| In re Jacob, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| New York ex rel. Portnoy v. Strasser, 1951-1952 | |||||||||||||
| Ohio | |||||||||||||
| Burt v. Foust, 1950 (exclusion from American Bowling Congress) | |||||||||||||
| South Carolina | |||||||||||||
| Earle v. Greenville County and Pickens County, S.C., 1949 (lynching) | |||||||||||||
| Texas | |||||||||||||
| NAACP v. Texas, 1956-1960 | |||||||||||||
| Texas v. NAACP, 1956 | |||||||||||||
| Washington | |||||||||||||
| Lesser v. Lesser, 1952 | |||||||||||||
| Location unknown | |||||||||||||
| Dembo v. Siple, 1952 (veterans' cemetery) | |||||||||||||
| PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS | |||||||||||||
| Segregation in public accommodations, recreational facilities, and transportation were daily manifestations of "Jim Crow." Racial distinctions in public accommodations were usually not imposed by state statutes; many facilities banned African Americans or were segregated by custom, or local ordinance and regulation. Cases of racial discrimination were brought against auditoriums, hospitals and health facilities, hotels, insurance companies, libraries, restaurants, cafeterias, and lunch counters, retail stores, theaters and other places of entertainment. | |||||||||||||
| Alabama | |||||||||||||
| Alabama v. Johnson, 1963-1965 | |||||||||||||
| City of Montgomery v. Montgomery Improvement Ass'n, 1956 | |||||||||||||
| Jones v. Southeastern Greyhound Lines, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Arkansas | |||||||||||||
| Johnson v. Crawfis, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Florida | |||||||||||||
| Boldan v. Allen, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| McDuffie v. Florida Turnpike Auth., 1960-1961 | |||||||||||||
| Georgia | |||||||||||||
| Coke v. City of Atlanta, 1958-1960 | |||||||||||||
| Hawaii | |||||||||||||
| Merrit v. Green Room, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| Illinois | |||||||||||||
| Burroughs v. Sanitary Dist. of Chicago, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| Stewart v. Lincoln-Douglas Hotel Corp., 1952 | |||||||||||||
| Iowa | |||||||||||||
| Rice v. Sioux City Memorial Cemetery, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Kansas | |||||||||||||
| Becknell v. Trig, Inc., 1957 | |||||||||||||
| City of Wichita v. Morton, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Kentucky | |||||||||||||
| Moorman v. Morgan, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Muir v. Louisville Park Theatrical Ass'n, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Louisiana | |||||||||||||
| Arnaud v. Arnaud's Restaurant, Inc., 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Maryland | |||||||||||||
| Law v. Mayor of Baltimore, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Michigan | |||||||||||||
| Bishop v. Statler Hotels, 1957 | |||||||||||||
| New York | |||||||||||||
| Castle Hill Beach Club, Inc., v. Arbury, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| North Carolina | |||||||||||||
| Eaton v. Board of Managers of James Walker Memorial Hosp., 1956 | |||||||||||||
| Hall v. Roanoke-Chowan Hosp., 1965 | |||||||||||||
| Ohio | |||||||||||||
| Colbert v. Coney Island, 1953-1956 | |||||||||||||
| Fletcher v. Coney Island, Inc., 1954-1956 | |||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania | |||||||||||||
| Manning v. Crowl, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Tennessee | |||||||||||||
| Mathews v. Orgill, 1958-1960 | |||||||||||||
| Texas | |||||||||||||
| Plummer v. Casey, 1953 | |||||||||||||
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