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NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund records, 1915-1968

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MISCELLANEOUS
Includes cases which do not fit into outlined categories. Of note are the cases involving the NAACP's right to do business in various states in the 1950s, particularly in Texas.
California
Acheson v. Murakami, 1949 (citizenship of Nisei)
Williams v. McClellan, 1953
Florida
Jackson v. Boger, 1950
Georgia
Holmes v. City of Atlanta, 1955
Illinois
Beauharnais v. Illinois, 1952 (free press)
Maryland
Afro-American Co. v. Owen, 1956-1957 (free press)
DeAngelis v. Board of Liquor License Comm'rs for Baltimore, Md., circa 1955 (liquor licensing)
Lancaster v. Hammond, 1949 ("Ober Bill Case")
Nebraska
Batterson v. Omaha Post Number One of the American Legion, 1948 (communists excluded from organization)
New Jersey
In re Marshall, 1949
New York
Adler v. Board of Educ. of the City of New York, 1951 (communists barred from teaching, N.Y.)
Bailey v. Wilkins, 1950-1951 (NAACP branch dispute)
Bright v. NAACP, 1951 (NAACP finances)
In re Jacob, 1951
New York ex rel. Portnoy v. Strasser, 1951-1952
Ohio
Burt v. Foust, 1950 (exclusion from American Bowling Congress)
South Carolina
Earle v. Greenville County and Pickens County, S.C., 1949 (lynching)
Texas
NAACP v. Texas, 1956-1960
Texas v. NAACP, 1956
Washington
Lesser v. Lesser, 1952
Location unknown
Dembo v. Siple, 1952 (veterans' cemetery)
PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS
Segregation in public accommodations, recreational facilities, and transportation were daily manifestations of "Jim Crow." Racial distinctions in public accommodations were usually not imposed by state statutes; many facilities banned African Americans or were segregated by custom, or local ordinance and regulation. Cases of racial discrimination were brought against auditoriums, hospitals and health facilities, hotels, insurance companies, libraries, restaurants, cafeterias, and lunch counters, retail stores, theaters and other places of entertainment.
Alabama
Alabama v. Johnson, 1963-1965
City of Montgomery v. Montgomery Improvement Ass'n, 1956
Jones v. Southeastern Greyhound Lines, 1953
Arkansas
Johnson v. Crawfis, 1954
Florida
Boldan v. Allen, 1964
McDuffie v. Florida Turnpike Auth., 1960-1961
Georgia
Coke v. City of Atlanta, 1958-1960
Hawaii
Merrit v. Green Room, 1951
Illinois
Burroughs v. Sanitary Dist. of Chicago, 1951
Stewart v. Lincoln-Douglas Hotel Corp., 1952
Iowa
Rice v. Sioux City Memorial Cemetery, 1953
Kansas
Becknell v. Trig, Inc., 1957
City of Wichita v. Morton, 1948
Kentucky
Moorman v. Morgan, 1954
Muir v. Louisville Park Theatrical Ass'n, 1953
Louisiana
Arnaud v. Arnaud's Restaurant, Inc., 1964
Maryland
Law v. Mayor of Baltimore, 1948
Michigan
Bishop v. Statler Hotels, 1957
New York
Castle Hill Beach Club, Inc., v. Arbury, 1955
North Carolina
Eaton v. Board of Managers of James Walker Memorial Hosp., 1956
Hall v. Roanoke-Chowan Hosp., 1965
Ohio
Colbert v. Coney Island, 1953-1956
Fletcher v. Coney Island, Inc., 1954-1956
Pennsylvania
Manning v. Crowl, 1953
Tennessee
Mathews v. Orgill, 1958-1960
Texas
Plummer v. Casey, 1953
Williams v. Hilton Hotels Corp., 1958
Virginia
Boynton v. Virginia, 1959-1960
Bradshaw v. Whigam, 1965-1966
Henry v. Virginia, 1961-1963
Robinson v. Hunter, 1961
Washington, D.C.
District of Columbia v. John R. Thompson Co., Inc., 1950-1953
Williams v. Hot Shoppes, Inc., 1960
West Virginia
Brown v. County Court of Kanawha County, W.Va., circa 1959
Wisconsin
Lange v. Rancher, 1953
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
The fund undertook cases which specifically targeted segregated recreational facilities supported by public funds such as parks, beaches, swimming pools, golf courses, and tennis courts because these cases provided a clear and strong challenge to separate-but-equal precepts. Later, the fund brought cases of racial discrimination against privately owned and operated facilities.
Florida
Youngblood v. Snow, 1955
Georgia
Woods v. Murrah, 1956
Kansas
Bailey v. Smith, circa 1953
Louisiana
Detiege v. New Orleans City Park Improvement Ass'n, 1949-1951
Maryland
Boyer v. Garrett, 1948
Bryant v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, 1950
Dawson v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, Md., 1947-1956
Missouri
Shields v. City of Chillicothe, 1955
Williams v. City of Kansas City, 1951-1953
New Jersey
Scurry v. Sukup, 1951
Valle v. Stengel, 1949
South Carolina
Clark v. Flory, 1956
Commings v. City of Charleston, 1960-1961
Walker v. Shaw, 1961-1963
Tennessee
Easterly v. Dempster, 1952
Hart v. Knox County, 1948
Texas
Beal v. Holcombe, 1951
Byars v. White, 1955-1956
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