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MILITARY SERVICES, 1914-1955
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Photographs related to the NAACP's efforts to integrate the armed forces. African
American contributions, both male and female, to the various branches of the armed
services. The bulk documents World War II period. |
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African American Women in the Military Services, during
World War II, 1943-1951, bulk 1943-1945.
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Call No.: LOT 13103 (F) |
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Emphasis is on activities of the Army Nurses Corps and the Women's Army
(Auxiliary) Corps at bases in Australia, England, France, and the United
States. Activities include training, recruitment, clerical work, and
recreation, such as army nurses playing cards and knitting, and a WAAC band in
a parade. Includes portraits of officers and new recruits. Prominent people
depicted include Mary McLeod Bethune at a National Civilian Advisory Committee
luncheon, Fort Des Moines, Iowa; Joe Louis welcoming a group of new WAAC
enlistees; and Walter White visiting the Fort Des Moines, Iowa, training
center. 76 photographic prints. Organized into five subject categories: Army
Nurse Corps; Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAACs), later called Women's Army
Corps (WACs); Women in the Air Force (WAFs); Women Accepted for Volunteer
Emergency Service (WAVES); Miscellaneous, Atlanta Army Services Forces
Department. |
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Army Nurse Corps |
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Arrival in Australia |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 1-5 (F) |
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European Theater of Operations (ETO) nurses in
England |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 6-13 (F) |
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Miscellaneous |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 14-21 (F) |
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WAACs/WACs |
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Fort Benning, Ga. |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 22-24 (F) |
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Fort Des Moines, Iowa, training center |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 25-40 (F) |
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6888th Unit |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 41-43 (F) |
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Transportation Corps, New York post |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 44-51 (F) |
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Miscellaneous |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 52-63 (F) |
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WAFs |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, no. 64 (F) |
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WAVES, 1944 |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 65-74 (F) |
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Miscellaneous, Atlanta Army Service Forces Department |
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Call No.: LOT 13103, nos. 75-76 (F) |
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African American Army Air Force Pilots, Mechanics, and
Officers at Tuskegee Army Air Field, Alabama, 1941-1945.
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Call No.: LOT 13104 (F) |
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Emphasis is on training classes and activities for Tuskegee Army Flying School
and portraits of officers, cadets, and other personnel at Tuskegee. Includes
five photos showing African American officers being held under arrest at
Freemen Field, Ind., for refusing to comply with segregation policies imposed
by the base. Includes a few photos of women--the post librarian and "Miss
Tuskegee Army Air Field." 41 photographic prints. Organized into three subject
categories: General activities; Freeman Air Field mutiny; Individual and group
portraits. |
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General activities |
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Call No.: LOT 13104, nos. 1-16 (F) |
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Freeman Air Field mutiny |
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Call No.: LOT 13104, nos. 17-21 (F) |
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Individual and group portraits |
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Call No.: LOT 13104, nos. 22-41 (F) |
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African Americans in the Army Air Forces, during World
War II, 1944-ca. 1950, bulk 1944-1948.
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Call No.: LOT 13105 (F) |
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Emphasis is on training in the United States and active duty with the Air
Services Command in England and Italy. Activities include aviation and
mechanical training, recreation, transportation of supplies. Many portraits of
soldiers and officers enlisted in the 13th and 15th Air Force, the 92nd Field
Artillery, the 99th Fighter Squadron, and graduates of the Air Forces Training
Command, as well as other service units. Post-World War II photos show the
Berlin Air Lift of 1948 and document African American participation in this
effort. Includes one photo of Mary McLeod Bethune reviewing a military parade
held in her honor at MacDill Air Field, Tampa, Fla., and one photo of Joe Louis
with soldiers of the 15th Air Force in Italy. 175 photographic prints.
Organized into nine subject categories: Air Service Command Depot, England;
Berlin Air Lift, Operation Vittles; 15th Air Force Service Command; Military
decorations; 99th Fighter Squadron; Portraits; Recreation; Training;
Miscellaneous. |
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Air Service Command Depot, England, 1945 |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 1-19 (F) |
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Berlin Air Lift, Operation Vittles, 1948 |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 20-41 (F) |
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15th Air Force Service Command, 1944-1945 |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 42-63 (F) |
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Military decorations |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 64-73 (F) |
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99th Fighter Squadron, 1944-1945 |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 74-81 (F) |
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Portraits, 1944-1950 |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 82-131 (F) |
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Recreation, 1944-1945 |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 132-137 (F) |
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Training, ca. 1950 |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 138-165 (F) |
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Miscellaneous, 1944-1950 |
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Call No.: LOT 13105, nos. 166-174 (F) |
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African Americans in the Army Corps, during World War II,
1938-1952, bulk 1943-1945.
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Call No.: LOT 13106 (F) |
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Photos show soldiers stationed at bases and training camps in the United States
and abroad. Subjects include soldiers receiving military decorations, training
exercises, and work activities, such as constructing an air field in England,
transporting supplies with the Transportation Corps, Port Battalion at the New
York Port of Embarkation, repairing equipment and automobile engines. Some
photos show soldiers at church services, reading, or involved in other leisure
activities. Many photos of organized sports events including a track and field
competition in Louisiana and Joe Louis in a boxing exhibition for the 5th Army
in Italy; some group portraits of basketball teams. Units represented include
an artillery battalion with the 8th Army in Japan; the Aviation Engineer
Construction Battalion in England; several photos of the 93rd Infantry with
combat teams on Bougainville Island (Papua New Guinea); the Quartermaster
Corps; the Transportation Corps; the 92nd Infantry Division on maneuvers with
the 5th Army in Italy; and the 94th Engineer Construction Battalion working on
"Exercise Swarmer" in North Carolina, April 1950. Includes one photo of African
American troops guarding German POWs in France, a photo of a victory parade in
New York, N.Y., celebrating the return of the 332nd African American Fighter
Group (Tuskegee Airmen). Prominent people represented include General
Eisenhower talking with an African American private at an unidentified location
on the Western Front; Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., being awarded Distinguished
Service and Legion of Honor medals and shown with the 369th Artillery Regiment
of the New York National Guard (NYNG), which he commanded in 1938. Includes
individual portraits of soldiers and officers and some group portraits of
companies. 289 photographic prints. Organized into ten subject categories:
General activities; Japan, 8th Army; Military decorations; Swarmer; Port
battalions; Portraits; Recreational activities; Theater of operations;
Training; 369th Artillery Regiment, New York National Guard (NYNG). |
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General activities, 1944-1952 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 1-20 (F) |
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Japan, 8th Army, 1948-1949 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 21-29 (F) |
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Military decorations, 1943-1952 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 30-53 (F) |
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Swarmer |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 54-60 (F) |
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Port battalions, 1944 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 61-73 (F) |
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Portraits, 1942-1962 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 74-112 (F) |
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Recreational activities |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 113-154 (F) |
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Theater of operations |
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Australia, 1944 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 155-158 (F) |
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Belgium, 1944 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, no. 159 (F) |
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Burma India, 1945 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, no. 160-170 (F) |
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England, 1943-1946 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 171-195 (F) |
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Bougainville Island (Papua New Guinea), 1944 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 198-203 (F) |
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France, 1944 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 196, 197, 204-218 (F) |
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Germany, 1945 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 219-221 (F) |
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Italy, 1944 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 222-236 (F) |
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Luxemburg, 1944 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 237-238 (F) |
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South Pacific, 1944-1945 |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 239-244 (F) |
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Training |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 245-271 (F) |
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369th Artillery Regiment, New York National Guard (NYNG) |
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Call No.: LOT 13106, nos. 272-289 (F) |
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African Americans in the Coast Guard, during World War
II, 1942-1945.
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Call No.: LOT 13107 (F) |
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Two photos show coastguardsmen at Pea Island Coast Guard Station working with a
surfboat and a signalman sending a message; three portraits of coastguardsmen
John W. Banks of Atlanta, Ga.; Willie Brown of Newark, N.J.; and Fred D.
Campbell of Chadbourn, N.C. 5 photographic prints. |
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Coast Guard |
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Call No.: LOT 13107, nos. 1-5 (F) |
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LOT 13108: LOT number not used
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African Americans in the Marines, during World War II,
1943.
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Call No.: LOT 13109 (F) |
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Photos show new recruits in combat training at Camp Lejuene, N.C.; recruits at
drills or receiving medical exams; portraits of marine officer candidates
enrolled at the Marine Training School, Quantico, Va.; portraits of Marine
journalists, a boxer, and a track athlete; Private Jeff Smith receiving the
Purple Heart; one photo of a Marine singing quintet. 16 photographic
prints. |
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Marines |
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Call No.: LOT 13109, nos. 1-16 (F) |
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African American Soldiers and Women Civilians
Participating in Activities and Services of the American Red Cross, United
Service Organizations, and Theater Special Services, during World War II,
1943-1951, bulk 1943-1946.
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Call No.: LOT 13110 (F) |
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Photos (several on postcard mounts) show soldiers and nurses in various leisure
activities at Red Cross service clubs and "clubhouses" in London, England;
Leghorn, Italy; the South Pacific; and the United States. Includes some
portraits of nurses and Red Cross directors; leisure activities and
entertainment at USO service clubs in the United States, many of which show USO
hostesses engaged in casual conversation or in social activities with soldiers.
Includes a group portrait of a Salvation Army interracial women's club and
social activities sponsored by the Theater Special Services. Prominent people
represented in USO photos include Canada Lee and Raymond Massey performing a
radio broadcast at an NBC studio; Charles Laughton at a camp show at Fort
Lawton, Wash.; Alan Ladd visiting soldiers at a Station Hospital in Kearns,
Utah; Jackie Robinson at a USO club in Daytona Beach, Fla. 58 photographic
prints. Organized into five subject categories: Red Cross, Salvation Army; ca.
1945; Theater Special Services; USO; Miscellaneous or unidentified. |
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Red Cross, 1943-ca. 1951 |
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Call No.: LOT 13110, nos. 1-20 (F) |
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Salvation Army, ca. 1945 |
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Call No.: LOT 13110, nos. 21-23 (F) |
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Theater Special Services, ca. 1943 |
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Call No.: LOT 13110, nos. 24-33 (F) |
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USO, 1943-1946 |
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Call No.: LOT 13110, nos. 34-56 (F) |
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Miscellaneous or unidentified, 1943, 1946 |
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Call No.: LOT 13110, nos. 57-58 (F) |
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