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NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund records, 1915-1968

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ContainerContents
Legal Case File, 1915-1967 (continued)
Correspondence and background material, 1954 (continued)
Digital content available
Legal documents, 1954
1 of 3
Digital content available
2 of 3
Digital content available
3 of 3
Digital content available
BOX 262 Walker v. Board of Regents of Univ. of Tex., 1954 (education, Tex.)
Digital content available
Walker v. Shaw, 1961-1963 (recreation, S.C.)
Digital content available
Ward v. Board of Educ., undated (education, Tenn.)
Digital content available
Ward v. Chicago & E. Ill. R.R., 1951 (transportation, Ill.)
Digital content available
Ward v. Columbus Metro. Hous. Auth., 1954-1955 (housing, Ohio)
Digital content available
In re Ware, 1958-1959 (education, N.Y.)
Digital content available
Watts v. Housing Auth., 1952-1956 (housing, Ala.)
Digital content available
Webster v. City of Birmingham, 1963-1965 (civil rights protest demonstrations, Ala.)
Digital content available
Weiss v. Leaon, 1949-1950 (housing, Mo.)
Digital content available
Wells v. Dyson, 1955 (education, La.)
Digital content available
Westley v. Iberville Parish School Bd., 1953 (education, La.)
Digital content available
White v. Smith, 1955 (education, Tex.)
Digital content available
BOX 263 Whitmore v. Southern Pac. Co., 1951 (transportation, Calif.)
Digital content available
Whitmore v. Stillwell, 1955 (education, Tex.)
Digital content available
Whitmyer v. Lincoln Parish School Bd., 1954 (education, La.)
Digital content available
Whitus v. Georgia, 1961 (criminal law, Ga.)
Digital content available
Williams v. Carolina Coach Co., 1953 (transportation, Va.)
Digital content available
Williams v. City of Kansas City, 1951-1953 (recreation, Mo.)
1 of 2
Digital content available
2 of 2
Digital content available
Williams v. Glasco, 1949 (criminal law, N.J.)
Digital content available
Williams v. Hilton Hotels Corp., 1958 (public accommodations, Tex.)
Digital content available
Williams v. Hot Shoppes, Inc., 1960 (public accommodations, D.C.)
Digital content available
Williams v. Illinois, 1951 (criminal law, Ill.)
Digital content available
Williams v. McClellan, 1953 (miscellaneous, Calif.)
Digital content available
Williams v. Prather, 1955 (education, La.)
Digital content available
Willis v. Walker, 1955 (education, Ky.)
Digital content available
BOX 264 Wilson v. Beebe; Johnson v. Beebe, 1951 (education, Del.)
Digital content available
Wilson v. Board of Supervisors of La. State Univ., 1950 (education, La.)
Digital content available
Wilson v. Bossier Constr. Co., 1954 (housing, La.)
Digital content available
Wilson v. Paducah Junior College, 1949-1953 (education, Ky.)
Digital content available
Woodbridge v. Housing Auth. (housing, Ind.)
Background material, 1952-1953, undated
Digital content available
Legal documents, 1952-1953, undated
1 of 2
Digital content available
2 of 2
Digital content available
Woodruff v. Village of Port Chester, 1951 (criminal law, N.Y.)
Digital content available
Woods v. Murrah, 1956 (recreation, Ga.)
Digital content available
Woods v. Stone, 1949 (education, Tex.)
Digital content available
Worthy v. Foster, 1948 (criminal law, Ga.)
Digital content available
Worthy v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 1948 (transportation, N.Y.)
Digital content available
Yoshida v. Gelbert Improvement Co., 1946 (housing, Pa.)
Digital content available
Young v. Chicago Hous. Auth., 1952 (labor, Ill.)
Digital content available
Youngblood v. Snow, 1955 (recreation, Fla.)
Digital content available
Zorach v. Clauson, 1952 (education, N.Y.)
Digital content available
BOX R1-R22 Restricted
Correspondence, memoranda, legal documents, and related material removed from the open portion of the collection.
Folders are organized and described according to the series and container from which they were removed.
BOX R1 Office File
Carter, Robert L.
Correspondence
1944-1946 (Container 2, folder 6)
Greenberg, Jack
Committee on Relationship with NAACP, 1961-1962, undated (Container 13, folder 10)
Marshall, Thurgood
Korean trip
Case notes, 1951 (Container 18, folder 6)
Subject File
Air Force
Hamilton, J. C., 1950-1954 (Container 38, folder 4)
Johnson, Casey, 1954 (Container 39, folder 4)
Johnson, John J., 1954-1956 (Container 39, folder 5)
Armed forces
Hugley, John L., 1958 (Container 43, folder 7)
National Guard
Volman, Violet, 1952-1954 (Container 44, folder 5)
Brown, Louis, 1953-1954 (Container 45, folder 6)
Casey, Alberta, 1952-1953 (Container 45, folder 7)
1954
1 of 2 (Container 45, folder 8)
2 of 2 (Container 45, folder 9)
BOX R2 1955
1 of 2 (Container 46, folder 1)
2 of 2 (Container 46, folder 2)
Crime
Allen, Lawrence, 1953-1954 (Container 50, folder 3)
Anderson, John, 1951 (Container 50, folder 4)
Anthony, George, 1950-1955 (Container 50, folder 6)
Bailey, George, 1953 (Container 50, folder 7)
Bell, Nathan, 1949 (Container 50, folder 8)
Belpre, Guillermo, 1950-1952 (Container 50, folder 9)
Bey, Irving Morris, 1950-1954 (Container 50, folder 10)
Black, James, 1950-1952 (Container 50, folder 11)
Brown, Monroe, 1950-1955 (Container 51, folder 3)
Brown, William P., 1948-1952 (Container 51, folder 4)
Burnette, Clarence, 1951-1954 (Container 51, folder 5)
Bryant, David, 1948-1955 (Container 51, folder 6)
Carey, Zack, 1950-1955 (Container 51, folder 7)
Cook, Cary T., 1949-1956 (Container 51, folder 11)
Cross, Alline, 1959 (Container 51, folder 12)
Crowe, Burton, 1952-1954 (Container 51, folder 13)
Croxton, Robert, 1948-1955 (Container 51, folder 14)
Cummings, John, 1953 (Container 51, folder 15)
BOX R3 Curtis, John A., 1950-1952 (Container 51, folder 16)
Dukes, Jesse
1952-1955
1 of 2 (Container 52, folder 1)
2 of 2 (Container 52, folder 2)
Dyer, Philip, 1953-1954 (Container 52, folder 3)
Everett, William, 1953-1954 (Container 52, folder 4)
Extradition
1952 (Container 52, folder 5)
1953 (Container 52, folder 6)
1954 (Container 52, folder 7)
1955-1957 (Container 52, folder 8)
Favors, Henry H., 1955-1958 (Container 52, folder 9)
Griffin, Willie, 1951-1954 (Container 52, folder 10)
Groveland, Fla., 1949-1954 (rape case and riots)
Contributions and expenses
1950-1953 (Container 52, folder 12)
Harrison, Yancey, 1957-1958 (Container 54, folder 4)
High, Cleophus, 1953-1954 (Container 54, folder 7)
Holman, George, 1949-1954 (Container 54, folder 8)
Holt, Arthur, 1952 (Container 54, folder 9)
Hooper, Henry, 1961-1962 (Container 54, folder 10)
Horton, Jack, and Leola Marie Thomason, 1952 (Container 55, folder 1)
BOX R4 Hudson, James Willy, 1954-1955 (Container 55, folder 2)
Jackson, Alfred, 1951-1952 (Container 55, folder 3)
Keeton, L. C., 1948-1951 (Container 55, folder 4)
Love, Betty
Correspondence
1949-1950 (Container 55, folder 8)
1951 (Container 55, folder 9)
Marshall, William Authur
1951-1952 (Container 55, folder 11)
1953 (Container 55, folder 12)
McGregor, Charles, 1949-1955 (Container 56, folder 4)
McWhorter, Jesse, 1958-1962 (Container 56, folder 5)
Mills, Lawrence, 1953-1955 (Container 56, folder 6)
Miscellaneous cases
A
1951-1954 (Container 57, folder 1)
1955-1962 (Container 57, folder 2)
B
1950-1952 (Container 57, folder 3)
BOX R5 1953 (Container 57, folder 4)
1954 (Container 57, folder 5)
1955 (Container 57, folder 6)
1956-1958 (Container 57, folder 7)
1959-1962 (Container 57, folder 8)
C
1950-1952 (Container 57, folder 9)
1953 (Container 57, folder 10)
1954 (Container 57, folder 11)
1955 (Container 57, folder 12)
1958-1962 (Container 57, folder 13)
D
1950-1953 (Container 58, folder 1)
BOX R6 1954-1955 (Container 58, folder 2)
E, 1951-1959 (Container 58, folder 3)
F
1951-1952 (Container 58, folder 4)
1953 (Container 58, folder 5)
1954 (Container 58, folder 6)
1955-1962 (Container 58, folder 7)
G
1948-1951 (Container 58, folder 8)
1952 (Container 58, folder 9)
1953-1954 (Container 58, folder 10)
1955 (Container 58, folder 11)
H
1950-1951 (Container 59, folder 1)
1952 (Container 59, folder 2)
1953 (Container 59, folder 3)
1954 (Container 59, folder 4)
BOX R7 1955 (Container 59, folder 5)
1957-1958 (Container 59, folder 6)
1959-1962 (Container 59, folder 7)
I, 1953-1955 (Container 59, folder 8)
J
1949-1951 (Container 59, folder 9)
1952-1953 (Container 59, folder 10)
1955 (Container 59, folder 11)
1956-1957 (Container 60, folder 1)
1958-1959 (Container 60, folder 2)
1960-1962 (Container 60, folder 3)
K, 1951-1955 (Container 60, folder 4)
L, 1951-1959 (Container 60, folder 5)
BOX R8
M 1951-1952 (Container 60, folder 6)
1953 (Container 60, folder 7)
1955, 1959
1 of 2 (Container 60, folder 8)
2 of 2 (Container 60, folder 9)
N, 1951-1961 (Container 60, folder 10)
O, 1955-1961 (Container 60, folder 11)
P
1950-1952 (Container 61, folder 1)
1953-1954 (Container 61, folder 2)
1955-1956 (Container 61, folder 3)
1957-1958 (Container 61, folder 4)
1959-1962 (Container 61, folder 5)
R
1950-1951 (Container 61, folder 6)
1952-1953 (Container 61, folder 7)
BOX R9 1955-1959 (Container 61, folder 8)
S
1949-1952 (Container 61, folder 9)
1953-1955 (Container 61, folder 10)
1957-1958 (Container 61, folder 11)
1959 (Container 61, folder 12)
1960-1962 (Container 61, folder 13)
T
1950-1951 (Container 62, folder 1)
1952-1955 (Container 62, folder 2)
1957 (Container 62, folder 3)
1958-1961 (Container 62, folder 4)
U-V, 1950, 1959-1960 (Container 62, folder 5)
W
1950-1951 (Container 62, folder 6)
1952 (Container 62, folder 7)
1957 (Container 62, folder 8)
BOX R10 1958 (Container 62, folder 9)
1959-1962 (Container 62, folder 10)
X-Y-Z, 1950-1951 (Container 62, folder 11)
Moore, David, 1959-1961 (Container 63, folder 1)
Moore, John B., 1953-1955 (Container 63, folder 2)
Mosley, Adam, 1954-1955 (Container 63, folder 3)
Myles, Willie E., 1954-1955 (Container 63, folder 4)
Palor, Ernest, 1951-1953 (Container 63, folder 6)
Parol
1952 (Container 63, folder 7)
1955 (Container 63, folder 8)
1956 (Container 63, folder 9)
1957-1959 (Container 63, folder 10)
Payne, Lonnie, 1953-1955 (Container 63, folder 11)
Perry, Albert E., 1958 (Container 63, folder 12)
Priester, Warren J., 1952-1955 (Container 65, folder 6)
Rape
Artes, Lula, 1951 (Container 65, folder 9)
Clark, Willie, 1940 (Container 65, folder 10)
Densmore, LaVenia, 1938-1941 (Container 65, folder 11)
Hamilton, Carl, 1949-1953 (Container 65, folder 13)
BOX R11 Higgs, James, 1952-1953 (Container 65, folder 14)
Jackson, Albert, 1951-1952 (Container 66, folder 5)
Martinsville Seven
Correspondence
1949 (Container 66, folder 7)
Miscellaneous cases
1951
1 of 2 (Container 67, folder 7)
2 of 2 (Container 67, folder 8)
1952
1 of 2 (Container 67, folder 9)
2 of 2 (Container 67, folder 10)
1953
1 of 2 (Container 67, folder 11)
2 of 2 (Container 67, folder 12)
Smith, Wallace, 1952-1955 (Container 68, folder 5)
Ricks, Robert, 1955-1956 (Container 68, folder 6)
Saunders, Titus, 1955-1956 (Container 68, folder 7)
Sevilla, Caledonia, 1949-1951 (Container 68, folder 8)
Southall, Benjamin, 1949-1951 (Container 68, folder 9)
Summey, Cortland, 1951-1958 (Container 68, folder 11)
BOX R12 Teabout, Clarence, 1949-1951 (Container 68, folder 12)
Tootle, Fred, 1955 (Container 68, folder 14)
Ward, William Henry, 1949-1952 (Container 70, folder 4)
Way, Edward
1947-1950 (Container 70, folder 10)
1951, Jan. - June (Container 70, folder 11)
Williams, Earl, 1958-1959 (Container 71, folder 2)
Williams, John, 1956-1960 (Container 71, folder 3)
Williams, Louis, 1947-1951 (Container 71, folder 4)
Williams, Lucille, 1956-1960 (Container 71, folder 5)
Immigration
Cases
1948-1951 (Container 96, folder 1)
1952-1954 (Container 96, folder 2)
Miscellany, 1949-1954, undated (Container 96, folder 3)
Juries
Asheville, N.C., Sigmon case, 1939-1940 (Container 97, folder 7)
Labor
Civil service
Vann, Edith, 1957-1960 (Container 102, folder 12)
Correspondence
G, 1951-1954 (Container 104, folder 6)
BOX R13 Reynolds, Mary Lee, 1954 (Container 109, folder 6)
Rutherford, Alvin, 1950-1952 (Container 109, folder 7)
Unions
Hughes, Orville, 1947-1954 (Container 110, folder 2)
Miller, Moses L., 1954 (Container 113, folder 9)
Miscellaneous correspondence
Navy
Department
1946-1950 (Container 125, folder 12)
1951-1956 (Container 125, folder 13)
Seamen
Braxton, John, 1955-1957 (Container 125, folder 14)
Clark, Manuel, 1946-1954 (Container 125, folder 15)
Fullard, Jesse, 1954-1955 (Container 126, folder 2)
Miscellaneous cases
1954-1956 (Container 126, folder 5)
Property
Coleman, Agnes, 1952-1953 (Container 126, folder 11)
Sweett, Mattie, 1950-1951 (Container 127, folder 5)
Turner, Samuel, 1954 (Container 127, folder 6)
Provost, Mary, 1951 (Container 127, folder 8)
Psychiatric ward patients, 1957-1959 (Container 127, folder 9)
Reubel, Eunice, 1955 (Container 128, folder 7)
Schools
Soldier troubles
Discharges
Dedmon, Jesse
Cases
1950 (Container 145, folder 8)
1952-1954 (Container 145, folder 9)
BOX R14 Correspondence and reports
1950-1951 (Container 145, folder 10)
1952-1954 (Container 145, folder 11)
Individual cases
Banks, James, 1950-1951 (Container 147, folder 1)
Baynes, Claude, 1953 (Container 147, folder 2)
Bellot, Joseph
Correspondence, 1944-1948 (Container 147, folder 3)
Miscellany, 1944 (Container 147, folder 4)
Bennett, John, 1955-1958 (Container 147, folder 5)
Bostwick, Eugene, 1954 (Container 147, folder 6)
Brewer, Fred, 1951-1953 (Container 147, folder 8)
Brown, David, 1953 (Container 147, folder 9)
Brown, Percy, 1949-1951 (Container 147, folder 10)
Bullock, James, 1950-1952 (Container 147, folder 11)
Burns v. Wilson
Cardiff, Ira, 1951-1955 (Container 147, folder 12)
Dennis, Calvin, 1951-1954 (Container 147, folder 15)
Carter, Norman
Correspondence, 1951-1953 (Container 148, folder 1)
Cole, Frank, 1947-1953 (Container 148, folder 3)
Devone, James
Correspondence, 1946-1947 (Container 148, folder 8)
BOX R15 Dixione, Ario, 1954-1955 (Container 148, folder 10)
Ford, Ruby, 1949-1951 (Container 148, folder 14)
Gibson, Conner, 1956 (Container 149, folder 2)
Gray, John, 1959-1960 (Container 149, folder 3)
Green, Kenneth, 1953 (Container 149, folder 4)
Grier, Ralph, 1946-1952 (Container 149, folder 5)
Halsey, Everett, 1952-1954 (Container 149, folder 6)
Harper, Marcellus, 1951-1953 (Container 149, folder 7)
Harrell, Howard, 1954-1956 (Container 149, folder 8)
Hart, James, 1957-1958 (Container 149, folder 9)
Haste, Harry, 1952-1953 (Container 149, folder 10)
Holt, Milton, 1945-1950 (Container 149, folder 13)
Johnson, Theodore, 1952-1956 (Container 149, folder 14)
Jones, Willie, 1949-1954 (Container 149, folder 15)
King, Nathaniel, 1950-1952 (Container 149, folder 16)
Laster, Daniel, 1949-1952 (Container 149, folder 18)
Lesesne, Sprunt, 1952-1953 (Container 149, folder 19)
Mann, Joseph, and Albert Myers, 1953-1955 (Container 149, folder 20)
BOX R16 Marcial, Joseph, 1951-1952 (Container 149, folder 21)
McGary, Leroy, 1944-1955 (Container 150, folder 1)
Nelson, W. H., 1955 (Container 150, folder 2)
Nichols, Russell, 1956 (Container 150, folder 3)
Norris, Willie, 1951-1952 (Container 150, folder 4)
Osborn, Floyd, 1951-1952 Container 150, folder 5)
Ramsey, Dallas, 1944-1951 (Container 150, folder 6)
Reese, Charles, 1957-1958 (Container 150, folder 7)
Riggins, James Lee, and Chastine Beverly, 1951-1953 (Container 150, folder 8)
Ruffin, William, 1951 (Container 150, folder 9)
Sanders, Edna, 1954 (Container 150, folder 10)
Shanklin, Norman, 1952 (Container 150, folder 11)
Smithey, Robert, 1956-1958 (Container 150, folder 12)
Spear, Ben, 1943-1951 (Container 150, folder 13)
Spurling, Roy
Correspondence, 1953 (Container 150, folder 14)
Legal documents, 1952 (Container 150, folder 15)
Steen, Leroy, 1949-1951 (Container 150, folder 16)
Tapp, James, 1945-1953 (Container 150, folder 17)
Thompson, Clifford, 1953-1954 (Container 150, folder 18)
Todd, James, 1945 (Container 150, folder 19)
Towns, Donald, 1951-1954 (Container 150, folder 20)
BOX R17 Turner, James
Correspondence, 1947-1951 (Container 151, folder 1)
Walker, Herbert, 1953 (Container 151, folder 3)
Washington, George
Correspondence, 1953 (Container 151, folder 5)
Legal documents, 1952 (Container 151, folder 6)
Watson, Jackie
Correspondence, 1954 (Container 151, folder 7)
Legal documents, 1953 (Container 151, folder 8)
Whiteside, Henry
Correspondence, 1947 (Container 151, folder 9)
Legal documents, 1946 (Container 151, folder 10)
Whyte, Joe, 1951 (Container 151, folder 11)
Williams, Elias, 1948 (Container 151, folder 12)
Willis, Lawrence, 1953-1956 (Container 152, folder 1)
Wilson, Joseph, 1953 (Container 152, folder 2)
Wise, Frederick, 1945, 1952 (Container 152, folder 3)
Korea
Individual cases
Baber, William H., 1951-1952 (Container 152, folder 5)
BOX R18 Bryant, Carsin, 1951-1953 (Container 152, folder 6)
Butler, Thomas, 1951-1952 (Container 152, folder 7)
Drummond, Harry B., 1950-1953 (Container 152, folder 8)
Gilbert, Leon
Correspondence
1951-1952 (Container 152, folder 9)
Harris, Harold, 1951-1953 (Container 152, folder 13)
Harvey, Bennie, and Austin Wilson, 1951-1953 (Container 152, folder 14)
Hubbard, James, 1951-1954 (Container 152, folder 15)
Paulfrey, Peter, 1950-1951 (Container 152, folder 16)
Reed, Nathaniel, 1950-1954 (Container 152, folder 17)
Riddick, John
Correspondence, 1951-1954
1951-1952 (Container 153, folder 1)
1953-1954 (Container 153, folder 2)
Rowland, James, 1952-1953 (Container 153, folder 4)
Simmons, Willie, 1950-1952 (Container 153, folder 5)
Williams, Luther, 1950-1953 (Container 153, folder 6)
Miscellaneous court martial cases, 1950-1954
A-G (Container 154, folder 3)
BOX R19 H-P (Container 154, folder 4)
R-W (Container 154, folder 5)
Miscellaneous cases
C
1953-1954 (Container 155, folder 2)
1956-1963 (Container 155, folder 3)
D
1955-1963 (Container 155, folder 5)
H
1950-1951 (Container 155, folder 9)
J
1951-1954 (Container 156, folder 2)
1955-1956 (Container 156, folder 3)
M
1950-1952 (Container 156, folder 6)
P
1951-1954 (Container 156, folder 12)
1956-1963 (Container 156, folder 13)
R
1951-1954 (Container 157, folder 1)
1955-1963 (Container 157, folder 2)
BOX R20 S
1950-1953 (Container 157, folder 3)
1954-1955 (Container 157, folder 4)
1957-1963 (Container 157, folder 5)
T
1951-1954 (Container 157, folder 6)
1955-1959 (Container 157, folder 7)
W
1951-1953 (Container 157, folder 9)
1954 (Container 157, folder 10)
1955-1963 (Container 157, folder 11)
Veterans' complaints
Individual cases
Armstrong, Henry, 1953-1954 (Container 162, folder 11)
Barnes, Stanley, 1951-1955 (Container 162, folder 12)
Blackman, Charlie, 1951 (Container 163, folder 2)
Bowman, Walter Lee, 1955 (Container 163, folder 3)
Brown, Albert, 1955-1956 (Container 163, folder 4)
BOX R21 Brown, Charles, 1950-1954 (Container 163, folder 5)
Chambers, Jesse, 1954-1958 (Container 163, folder 7)
Chappelle, John, 1956-1957 (Container 163, folder 8)
Clark, Eddie, 1950-1952 (Container 163, folder 9)
Daniels, Anthony, 1950-1956 (Container 163, folder 11)
Davis, John, 1956-1960 (Container 163, folder 12)
Ford, Ronald, 1954-1958 (Container 163, folder 13)
Fuller, Lloyd, 1953 (Container 163, folder 14)
Kirksey, John, 1954-1956 (Container 164, folder 1)
Lemore, Erma, 1956-1957 (Container 164, folder 3)
Mitchell, John, 1951-1954 (Container 164, folder 5)
Moutras, Norman, 1959-1960 Container 164, folder 6)
Peak, Charles, 1952-1955 (Container 164, folder 8)
Peterson, Melvin, 1954-1955 (Container 164, folder 9)
Sales, Charles, 1955-1960 (Container 164, folder 10)
BOX R22 Simpson, Durrah, 1949-1960 (Container 164, folder 11)
Sims, Robert, 1955 (Container 164, folder 12)
Smith, Brisco, 1952-1953 (Container 164, folder 13)
Spencer, Eugene, 1954-1955 (Container 164, folder 14)
Turner, Thomas, 1953-1959
1 of 2 (Container 164, folder 15)
2 of 2 (Container 164, folder 16)
Wiggins, Samuel, 1955-1956 (Container 165, folder 1)
Wilkerson, Edward, 1956-1959 (Container 165, folder 2)
Williams, Alonzo, 1955-1956 (Container 165, folder 3)
Williams, Jerry, 1956-1960 (Container 165, folder 4)
Wilson, Reginol, 1955 (Container 165, folder 5)
Weaver, Maurice M., 1952 (Container 175, folder 6)
BOX OV 1-OV 12 Oversize, 1950-1968
Maps, charts, posters, and voting and population records.
Organized and described according to the series, box, and folder from which the item was removed.
BOX OV 1 Office File
Marshall, Thurgood
Speaking engagements
Broadside for event featuring Marshall at Fifth Street Baptist Church, Richmond, Va., 1954 (Container 22, folder 2)
Digital content available
Shagaloff, June
Schools
Delaware
School data
Miscellaneous maps and charts, 1953-1955 (Container 35, folder 11)
Digital content available
Subject File
Discrimination
Parks
Creve Coeur, Mo., map, 1950 (Container 79, folder 1)
Digital content available
Schools
States
New Jersey
Englewood
Maps, City of Englewood Election District and Street Number, 1938, 6 items, annotated, 1953-1954 (Container 137, folder 6)
Digital content available
New York
Miscellany
Maps, Utilization of Schools in the Boroughs of Richmond, The Bronx, 2 items, 1954 (Container 139, folder 7)
Digital content available
North Carolina
Miscellany
Map, City of Winston-Salem, annotated, 1957 (Container 140, folder 9)
Digital content available
Pennsylvania
West Chester
Map, Borough of West Chester, annotated to indicate zone lines of elementary schools, 1955 (Container 141, folder 9)
Digital content available
Willow Grove
Map, Zoning for Township of Abington, Montgomery Co., Pa., adopted as part of Ordinance no. 643, Approved Dec. 8, 1949, revised May 1951 (Container 141, folder 10)
Digital content available
Wallace, Fred, Voter Education Project
Poster, "Poor People's Campaign 1968," Southern Christian Leadership Conference (Container 175, folder 3)
Digital content available
BOX OV 2 Legal Case File
Gray v. Main (elections, Ala.)
Background material
Voting and population records, Barbour, Bullock, Greene, and Macon counties, 1961-1966
Photocopies (Container 214)
Box 1
Digital content available
BOX OV 3 Box 2
Digital content available
BOX OV 4 Box 3
Digital content available
BOX OV 5 Box 4
Digital content available
BOX OV 6 Box 5
Digital content available
BOX OV 7 Box 6
Digital content available
BOX OV 8 Box 7
Digital content available
BOX OV 9 Box 8
Digital content available
BOX OV 10 Box 9
Digital content available
BOX OV 11 Box 10
Digital content available
BOX OV 12 Box 11
Digital content available
Index of Legal Cases by Category and State
ARMED FORCES
The Truman administration adopted a policy in 1948 of "equality of treatment and opportunity" in a plan which called for racial integration of the United States armed forces by 1954. The Korean War accelerated the process so that integration was to be implemented by 1952. However, the NAACP continued to receive and investigate complaints of bias relating to assignments, promotion, discipline, or the administration of military justice. Furthermore, integration was much slower in reserve units, and few African Americans received Reserve Officer Training Corps scholarship awards. Finally, the fund challenged lingering segregation in schools, housing, and other collateral activities on military bases.
Guam
Burns v. Wilson, 1952
New York
Lawton v. Dewey, undated
Pennsylvania
Tomlinson v. Selective Serv. Draft Bd., 1948
Korean and World War II court martial records, 1943-1952
CIVIL RIGHTS PROTEST DEMONSTRATIONS
By 1960, court cases and integration efforts were sometimes accompanied by forms of social protest such as sit-ins and group marches. Demonstrators were often arrested for breach of peace or trespassing and some were defended by the fund.
Alabama
Alabama v. Allen, 1964-1965
Alabama v. Gray, 1964
Alabama v. Hanson, 1963
Alabama v. Robinson, 1963
Banks v. Alabama, 1963-1964
Carter v. City of Birmingham, 1965
Clemons v. Alabama, 1964
Cruikshank v. Alabama, 1964
Fowlkes v. Alabama, 1964
Johnson v. Alabama, 1964
Shelton v. Alabama, 1964
Smith v. Alabama, 1963 1964
Thomas v. City of Birmingham, 1963
Webster v. City of Birmingham, 1963-1965
California
Hughes v. Lucky Stores, Inc., 1948
Louisiana
Byrd v. City of New Orleans, 1948
Diamond v. Louisiana, 1962-1964
Maryland
Maryland v. Askin, 1948
North Carolina
Avent v. North Carolina, 1962
North Carolina v. Williams, 1960
South Carolina
City of Darlington v. Stanley, 1960-1961
CRIMINAL LAW
The fund litigated cases in which a defendant claimed denial of due process because of racial discrimination. Usually these cases raised questions about jury selection, coerced confessions, competent legal representation, and unfair sentencing. Some cases involved lynchings; others concerned police misconduct and racial segregation in prisons.
Alabama
Alabama v. Fikes, 1953
Arrington v. Alabama, 1949-1950
Fikes v. Alabama, 1953-1956
Hamilton v. Alabama, 1964
Huff v. Alabama, 1957
Middlebrooks v. City of Birmingham, 1964
Reeves v. Alabama, 1953-1957
California
Civil Rights Congress of the City and County of San Francisco v. Warren, 1950
Hardyman v. Collins, 1950
In re Middlebrooks, undated
Nichols v. McGee, 1957
Connecticut
Connecticut v. Higgs, 1953-1955
United States ex rel. Rogers v. Cummings, 1956
Florida
Florida v. Jordan, 1951
Furlow v. Florida, 1965
Irvin v. Florida, 1953
Shepherd v. Florida, 1950-1952
Georgia
Georgia v. Henderson, 1950
Georgia v. Ingram, 1948
Georgia v. Walker, 1966
Griffin v. Georgia, 1951
Ingram v. Georgia, 1948
Jones v. Balkcom, 1953
Mosley v. Georgia, 1955
Whitus v. Georgia, 1961
Worthy v. Foster, 1948
Illinois
Illinois v. Atkins, 1954
Illinois v. DeRose, 1951
Williams v. Illinois, 1951
Iowa
Iowa ex rel. Hooper v. Bennett, 1959-1960
Louisiana
Guice v. Mayeaux, 1954
Leib v. O'Neal, 1954
Maryland
Adams v. Maryland, 1953
Michigan
Clark v. Michigan, 1956
Mississippi
Hawkins v. Mississippi, 1955
Johnson v. Mississippi, 1954-1955
Kennard v. Mississippi, 1961-1963
Mississippi v. Johnson, 1954
Robinson v. Mississippi, 1955
United States ex rel. Goldsby v. Wiggins, 1957
New Jersey
Dukes v. Hanna, 1952-1954
New Jersey v. Lewis; New Jersey v. Parker, 1948
Williams v. Glasco, 1949
New York
Capel v. Shaw, 1949
Cavers v. Grasheim, 1961
New York ex rel. Bracey v. Salter, 1949
New York v. Cornelius, 1955
New York v. Kelly, undated
Woodruff v. Village of Port Chester, 1951
North Carolina
Daniels v. North Carolina, 1949-1950
In re Ingram, 1953
North Carolina v. Jackson, 1954
North Carolina v. Simmons, 1951
Ohio
Haley v. Ohio, 1948
United States v. Brandt, 1954
Pennsylvania
Brown v. Baldi, 1953-1954
Pennsylvania ex rel. Hatton v. Dye, 1953
Pennsylvania ex rel. Johnson v. Thomas, 1944
Tennessee
Barkley v. Tennessee, undated
Chandler v. Fretag, 1952
Hale v. Tennessee, 1955
Kennedy v. Tennessee, 1948
Tennessee v. Pillow, 1946
Texas
Cassell v. Texas, 1949
Hill v. Texas, 1942
Holland v. Texas, 1948
Ivey v. Texas, 1952
In re Rooks, 1952
South Carolina
South Carolina v. Bullock, 1959
South Carolina v. Harvey, 1951
Utah
Neal v. Graham, 1954
Virginia
Bailey v. Virginia, 1950
Barrett v. Jewett, 1950
Hampton v. Smith, 1950
Leakes v. Virginia, 1953
Scull v. Committee on Law Reform & Racial Activities, 1957
Tinsley v. City of Richmond, 1961
Washington, D.C.
Hall v. United States, 1947
DOMESTIC RELATIONS
Antimiscegenation laws were challenged, as were those which prohibited interracial cohabitation or which imposed special penalties if the offenders were of different races. Similarly, the fund challenged adoption and child custody cases which were based on racial considerations.
New York
Meenan v. Meenan, 1954
EDUCATION
Discrimination in education was the fund's primary area of litigation from the 1940s to 1960s. Initial efforts were directed at gaining equal facilities and curriculum for students and equal pay for teachers in Negro schools. By the 1950s, it had been clearly demonstrated in the courts that separate schools would never be equal. Thereafter, cases aimed for integration at all levels of public education: first in professional schools, and then in elementary and secondary schools, colleges, and universities.
Arizona
Phillips v. Phoenix Union High Schools, 1953
Arkansas
Abernathy v. Izzard, 1955
Brewer v. Hoxie School Dist. No. 46 of Lawrence County, 1944, 1955-1956
Brown v. Ramsey, 1948-1949
Morris v. Williams, 1945
California
English v. Pasadena School Bd., 1953
Romero v. Weakley; Burleigh v. Weakley, 1955
Delaware
Steiner v. Simmons; Simmons v. Steiner, 1954
Wilson v. Beebe; Johnson v. Beebe, 1951
Florida
Boyd v. Board of Control of Fla., 1949-1951
Florida ex rel. Hawkins v. Board of Control, 1950-1958
McDaniel v. Board of Pub. Instruction, 1941
Sims v. Board of Pub. Instruction, 1950
Turner v. Keefe, 1943
Georgia
Andrews v. Cook, 1955
Everett v. Smith, 1949-1950
Hunt v. Arnold, 1956
Illinois
Ayer v. Mann, 1949
Davis v. Schultz, 1955
Kansas
Henry v. Board of Educ., 1955
Henry v. Rushton, 1955
Kentucky
Abbington v. Board of Educ. of Louisville, Ky., undated
Dawson v. Farnsley, circa 1950
Willis v. Walker, 1955
Wilson v. Paducah Junior College, 1949-1953
Louisiana
Allen v. Louisiana State Bd. of Educ., 1961
Angel v. Louisiana State Bd. of Educ., 1956
Board of Supervisors of La. State Univ. v. Tureaud, 1955
Bright v. Union Parish School Bd., 1954
Combre v. John McNeese State College, 1954
Constantine v. Southwestern La. Inst., 1954
Foister v. Board of Supervisors of La. State Univ. and Agric. and Mechanical College, 1951
Freret Civic Improvement Ass'n v. Orleans Parish School Bd., 1952
Guillory v. Saint Landry Parish School Bd., 1951
Hatfield v. Board of Supervisors, La. State Univ., 1946-1947
Heard v. Ouachita Parish School Bd., 1950-1951
Howard v. Lincoln Parish School Bd., undated
Jamieson v. Louisiana State Bd. of Educ., 1965
Johnson v. Board of Supervisors, 1946-1947
Lark v. Louisiana Bd. of Educ., 1957
LeBeauf v. State Bd. of Educ., 1965
McKelpin v. Orleans Parish School Bd., 1941-1942
Payne v. Board of Supervisors of La. State Univ., 1951
Simmons v. Ouachita Parish School Bd., 1954
Tureaud v. Board of Supervisors of La. State Univ., 1953
Wells v. Dyson, 1955
Westley v. Iberville Parish School Bd., 1953
Whitmyer v. Lincoln Parish School Bd., 1954
Williams v. Prather, 1955
Wilson v. Board of Supervisors of La. State Univ., 1950
Maryland
Brown v. Board of Educ. of Calvert County, Md., 1937
Groves v. Board of Educ., 1956-1958
Mills v. Lowndes, undated
Mitchell v. Connellee, 1955
Tyson v. Byrd, 1949
Michigan
Henry v. Godsell, 1956
Missouri
Curators of the Univ. of Mo. v. Bell, 1950
Lee v. Board of Educ., 1943
Madison v. University of Mo. Medical School, 1950
Missouri v. School Dist., 1951
Missouri ex rel. Brewton v. Board of Educ., 1949
Missouri ex rel. Toliver v. Board of Educ., 1949
Mississippi
Bates v. Batte, 1947-1951
Meredith v. Fair, 1962
New Jersey
Walker v. Board of Educ.; Anderson v. Board of Educ., 1954
New York
Bell v. Board of Education, Amityville, N.Y., 1955-1956
In re Board of Educ., Union Free School Dist. 9, Town of Hempstead, N. Y., 1949-1950
Breslow v. Wilson, 1949-1951
Brown v. Union Free School Dist. No. 16, Nassau County, N.Y., 1951
In re Hillburn School Dist. 15, 1931-1944
In re Jackson, 1955
In re Skipwith, Rector, 1958-1959
Taylor v. Board of Educ., 1956-1961
Tudor v. Board of Educ., 1953
In re Ware, 1958-1959
Zorach v. Clauson, 1952
North Carolina
Blue v. Durham Public School Dist., 1949
Carson v. Board of Educ. of McDowell Co., N.C., 1955-1957
Carson v. Warlick, 1956
Covington v. Edwards, 1955-1959
Eaton v. Board of Educ. of New Hanover County, N.C., 1953
Froneberger v. Huss, 1954
McKissick v. Durham City Bd. of Educ., 1958-1959
Neville v. Orange County Bd. of Educ., 1961
Simmons v. Wallace, undated
Stephens v. Board of Graded School Trustees, 1948
Stevens v. Hedgpeth, 1947-1948
Thomas v. Gray, 1951
Vickers v. Chapel Hill City Bd. of Educ., 1960
Ohio
Clemons v. Board of Educ. of Hillsboro, Ohio, 1954-1956
Oklahoma
Borrough v. Jenkins, 1955
Brown v. Long, 1957
Carr v. Cole, 1957
Grant v. Taylor, 1954-1955
Troullier v. Procter, 1954
Pennsylvania
Girard Estate, Orphan's Court of Philadelphia, 1955
Sealy v. Department of Pub. Instruction, 1957
South Carolina
Bryan v. Austin, 1956-1957
Kennedy v. State Budget & Control Bd., 1955
Tennessee
Booker v. Tennessee Bd. of Educ. 1955
Goss v. Board of Educ. of Knoxville, Tenn., 1958-1961
Ex parte Gray, 1951
Gray v. Board of Trustees of the Univ. of Tenn., 1951-1952
Jackson Colored Teachers' Ass'n v. Callahan, 1944
Kelley v. Board of Educ., 1955-1959
McSwain v. County Bd. of Educ., 1950-1956
Northcross v. Board of Educ., undated
Prater v. Tennessee Bd. of Educ., 1958
Shannon ex rel. Cox v. Board of Educ., 1954
Thomas v. Hibbitts, 1942
Ward v. Board of Educ., undated
Texas
Avery v. Wichita Falls Indep. School Dist., 1956
Battle v. Wichita Falls Junior College, 1951-1953
Brown v. Board of Trustees, Lagrange Indep. School Dist., 1951
Bruce v. Stilwell, 1954
Butler v. Matthews, 1950
Butler v. Wilemon, 1949
Cains v. Green, 1953
Christian v. Moore, 1952
Delgado v. Bastrop Indep. School Dist., 1948
Fleeks v. Stilwell, 1949
Hayes v. County School Comm'n, 1959
Higgins v. Goodman, 1949
Jackson v. McDonald; Lamar State College of Technology v. Jackson, 1956
Jennings v. Board of Trustees, 1947
Ross v. Rogers, 1957
Scruggs v. Loftin, 1952
Simmons v. Edwards, 1960
Stevenson v. Harris, 1948
Thompson v. Portwood, 1952
Walker v. Board of Regents of Univ. of Tex., 1954
White v. Smith, 1955
Whitmore v. Stillwell, 1955
Woods v. Stone, 1949
Virginia
Ashley v. School Bd. of Gloucester County, 1949
Blount v. School Bd. of Isle of Wight County, Va., undated
Bowler v. School Bd. of the City of Richmond, 1942
Brooks v. City School Bd. of Galax, Va., 1959
Carter v. School Bd. of Arlington County, Va., 1950
Cook v. Board of Educ. of Prince George's City, Va., 1938-1940
Corbin v. Board of Educ. of Pulaski County, Va., 1949-1950
Freeman v. School Bd. of Chesterfield Co., 1948
Goins v. School Bd. of Grayson County, Va., undated
Jones v. School Bd., 1960
Kelly v. School Bd., 1948
Swanson v. University of Va., 1950
Virginia v. Billups, 1952
Washington, D.C.
Gregg v. Sharpe, circa 1950
Haley v. Sharpe, 1949
West Virginia
Anderson v. Board of Educ. of the County of Mercer, W.Va., 1955
Dunn v. Board of Educ. of Greenbrier, W.Va., 1955
Taylor v. Board of Educ., 1955
ELECTIONS
The fund took cases to gain or protect voting rights in general elections and primaries. Other cases concerned electoral district apportionment and strictures on Negro candidates and bloc voting.
Alabama
Davis v. Schnell, 1949
Gray v. Main, 1961-1967
Newman v. Searcy, 1949
Arkansas
Gatlin v. McDaniel, 1950
Georgia
Franklin v. Harber, 1949
Smith v. Baldwin, 1948
Louisiana
Byrd v. Brice, 1952
Scott v. Beard, 1954
Ventre v. Ryder, 1959
Mississippi
Darby v. Daniel, 1957
New Mexico
Trujillo v. Garley, undated
North Carolina
Elliott v. Cumberland County Bd. of Elections, 1955
Lassiter v. Northampton County Bd. of Elections, 1957
Trafton v. Burgges, 1954
Oklahoma
Hodge v. Tulsa County Election Bd., 1948
South Carolina
Elmore v. Rice, 1947
Texas
Perry v. Cyphers, 1951
Virginia
Kelsey v. Moore, 1946
HOUSING AND REAL PROPERTY
The fund challenged racial zoning laws and restrictive covenants which excluded ethnic groups, and segregation or discrimination in federal housing and other public housing aid programs. Other litigation involved individuals who resorted to the courts to protect private property rights, or cases brought against individuals who obstructed integration of residential neighborhoods.
Alabama
Barnes v. City of Gadsden, Ala., 1953-1959
City of Birmingham v. Monk, 1950
Morris v. Housing Auth., 1954
Tate v. City of Eufaula, undated
Watts v. Housing Auth., 1952-1956
California
Amer v. Superior Court of Calif., 1947
Banks v. Housing Auth. of the City and County of San Francisco, 1952-1953
Barrows v. Jackson, 1950-1952
Burkman v. Liddy, 1942
Franklin v. Housing Auth. of the City of Sacramento, 1952
Ming v. Horgan, 1954-1957
Connecticut
Harris v. Clinton, 1955
Georgia
Cohen v. Public Hous. Admin., 1952-1956
Heyward v. Public Hous. Admin., 1954-1956
Illinois
Clark v. Sandusky, 1951
Illinois v. Leighton, 1951
Jenkins v. Chicago Hous. Auth., 1953
McCormick v. Green, undated
Indiana
Woodbridge v. Housing Auth., 1952-1953
Kentucky
Buchanan v. Warley; Harris v. Louisville, 1915-1929
Eleby v. Louisville Municipal Hous. Comm'n, 1956-1957
Louisiana
Stewart v. Clark Terrace Unit One, Inc., 1952-1955
Wilson v. Bossier Constr. Co., 1954
Maryland
Kennard v. McKamer Realty Co., undated
Michigan
Askew v. Benton Harbor Hous. Comm'n, 1951-1956
Flowers v. National Hous. Auth., 1943
Hill v. Hamtramck Hous. Comm'n, 1942-1947
Lewis v. City of Detroit, 1942-1954
Malicke v. Milan, 1948
Mrsa v. Reynolds, 1946
Phillips v. Naff, 1952
Missouri
Davis v. Saint Louis Hous. Auth., 1953-1956
Venable v. City of Creve Coeur; City of Creve Coeur v. Deilman, 1956
Weiss v. Leaon, 1949-1950
New Jersey
Crawford v. Maher, 1952
Miller v. McComb, 1954
Seawell v. MacWithey, 1948
Taylor v. Leonard, 1954
New York
Commission against Discrimination v. Pelham Hall Apts., Inc., 1957-1958
Dorsey v. Stuyvesant Town Corp., 1947-1948
In re Griffin v. City of Schenectady, 1950
Hunter v. City of New York, 1952
Kemp v. Rubin, 1946
Mid-Island Properties v. Johnson, 1953
United States v. Mortgage Conference, 1948
Ohio
Trustees of Monroe Ave. Church v. Perkins, 1947
Vann v. Toledo Metro. Hous. Auth., 1953
Ward v. Columbus Metro. Hous. Auth., 1954-1955
Oregon
Foeller v. Housing Auth. of Portland, 1953
Namba v. McCourt, 1948
Pennsylvania
Johnson v. Levitt & Sons, Inc., 1955
Pearson v. Olney Gardens, 1955
Unger v. Dewalt, 1941
Yoshida v. Gelbert Improvement Co., 1946
Washington, D.C.
Hundley v. Gorewitz, 1942
Shanks Village Residents Ass'n v. Cole, 1954
Washington, D.C.
Taylor v. Blandford, 1945
LABOR
Depression era cases often concerned forced labor or peonage. Thereafter, the fund worked to define fair employment practices by challenging discrimination in government employment or by companies receiving government contracts, exclusion of African Americans from professional associations or union membership, especially when unions negotiated contracts and were otherwise consulted on labor practices.
Alabama
Davis v. Arn, 1950-1953
California
Bacon v. Local 9, Bricklayers and Tile Setters Union, 1949
Connecticut
Commission on Civil Rights ex rel. Tilley v. International Bhd. of Elec. Workers Local 35; Commission on Civil Rights ex rel. Stewart v. International Bhd. of Elec. Workers Local 35, 1951
International Bhd. of Elec. Workers Local 35 v. Commission on Civil Rights, 1954
Illinois
Howard v. Local 74, Wood, Wire, & Metal Lathers Int'l Union, 1954
Young v. Chicago Hous. Auth., 1952
Kansas
Betts v. Easley, 1946
Kentucky
Benjamin v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., circa 1944
Maryland
Enoch Pratt Free Library v. Kerr, 1945
Missouri
Howard v. Saint Louis-San Francisco Ry., 1951
New York
American Jewish Congress v. Arabian American Oil Co., 1959
Ivory v. Edwards, 1951
Joseph v. Boyce, 1955
Ocasio v. Fox, 1952
Ohio
Turner v. Warner & Swasey Co., 1942
Pennsylvania
Dargon v. Yellow Cab Co. of Pittsburgh, 1952
Rhode Island
Hill v. International Bhd. of Boilermakers, 1955
South Carolina
Derrick v. Local 470, International Union of Operating Eng'rs, 1951-1952
Texas
Alexander v. Texas, 1954
Harvey v. Morgan, 1954
Syres v. Oil Workers Union Local 23, 1955
Virginia
Rolax v. Atlantic Coast Line R.R., 1950
Washington, D.C.
New Negro Alliance v. Sanitary Grocery Co., 1938
Palmer v. Southern Ry., 1948
Taylor v. Brotherhood of Ry. & S.S. Clerks, 1951-1952
MISCELLANEOUS
Includes cases which do not fit into outlined categories. Of note are the cases involving the NAACP's right to do business in various states in the 1950s, particularly in Texas.
California
Acheson v. Murakami, 1949 (citizenship of Nisei)
Williams v. McClellan, 1953
Florida
Jackson v. Boger, 1950
Georgia
Holmes v. City of Atlanta, 1955
Illinois
Beauharnais v. Illinois, 1952 (free press)
Maryland
Afro-American Co. v. Owen, 1956-1957 (free press)
DeAngelis v. Board of Liquor License Comm'rs for Baltimore, Md., circa 1955 (liquor licensing)
Lancaster v. Hammond, 1949 ("Ober Bill Case")
Nebraska
Batterson v. Omaha Post Number One of the American Legion, 1948 (communists excluded from organization)
New Jersey
In re Marshall, 1949
New York
Adler v. Board of Educ. of the City of New York, 1951 (communists barred from teaching, N.Y.)
Bailey v. Wilkins, 1950-1951 (NAACP branch dispute)
Bright v. NAACP, 1951 (NAACP finances)
In re Jacob, 1951
New York ex rel. Portnoy v. Strasser, 1951-1952
Ohio
Burt v. Foust, 1950 (exclusion from American Bowling Congress)
South Carolina
Earle v. Greenville County and Pickens County, S.C., 1949 (lynching)
Texas
NAACP v. Texas, 1956-1960
Texas v. NAACP, 1956
Washington
Lesser v. Lesser, 1952
Location unknown
Dembo v. Siple, 1952 (veterans' cemetery)
PUBLIC ACCOMMODATIONS
Segregation in public accommodations, recreational facilities, and transportation were daily manifestations of "Jim Crow." Racial distinctions in public accommodations were usually not imposed by state statutes; many facilities banned African Americans or were segregated by custom, or local ordinance and regulation. Cases of racial discrimination were brought against auditoriums, hospitals and health facilities, hotels, insurance companies, libraries, restaurants, cafeterias, and lunch counters, retail stores, theaters and other places of entertainment.
Alabama
Alabama v. Johnson, 1963-1965
City of Montgomery v. Montgomery Improvement Ass'n, 1956
Jones v. Southeastern Greyhound Lines, 1953
Arkansas
Johnson v. Crawfis, 1954
Florida
Boldan v. Allen, 1964
McDuffie v. Florida Turnpike Auth., 1960-1961
Georgia
Coke v. City of Atlanta, 1958-1960
Hawaii
Merrit v. Green Room, 1951
Illinois
Burroughs v. Sanitary Dist. of Chicago, 1951
Stewart v. Lincoln-Douglas Hotel Corp., 1952
Iowa
Rice v. Sioux City Memorial Cemetery, 1953
Kansas
Becknell v. Trig, Inc., 1957
City of Wichita v. Morton, 1948
Kentucky
Moorman v. Morgan, 1954
Muir v. Louisville Park Theatrical Ass'n, 1953
Louisiana
Arnaud v. Arnaud's Restaurant, Inc., 1964
Maryland
Law v. Mayor of Baltimore, 1948
Michigan
Bishop v. Statler Hotels, 1957
New York
Castle Hill Beach Club, Inc., v. Arbury, 1955
North Carolina
Eaton v. Board of Managers of James Walker Memorial Hosp., 1956
Hall v. Roanoke-Chowan Hosp., 1965
Ohio
Colbert v. Coney Island, 1953-1956
Fletcher v. Coney Island, Inc., 1954-1956
Pennsylvania
Manning v. Crowl, 1953
Tennessee
Mathews v. Orgill, 1958-1960
Texas
Plummer v. Casey, 1953
Williams v. Hilton Hotels Corp., 1958
Virginia
Boynton v. Virginia, 1959-1960
Bradshaw v. Whigam, 1965-1966
Henry v. Virginia, 1961-1963
Robinson v. Hunter, 1961
Washington, D.C.
District of Columbia v. John R. Thompson Co., Inc., 1950-1953
Williams v. Hot Shoppes, Inc., 1960
West Virginia
Brown v. County Court of Kanawha County, W.Va., circa 1959
Wisconsin
Lange v. Rancher, 1953
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
The fund undertook cases which specifically targeted segregated recreational facilities supported by public funds such as parks, beaches, swimming pools, golf courses, and tennis courts because these cases provided a clear and strong challenge to separate-but-equal precepts. Later, the fund brought cases of racial discrimination against privately owned and operated facilities.
Florida
Youngblood v. Snow, 1955
Georgia
Woods v. Murrah, 1956
Kansas
Bailey v. Smith, circa 1953
Louisiana
Detiege v. New Orleans City Park Improvement Ass'n, 1949-1951
Maryland
Boyer v. Garrett, 1948
Bryant v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, 1950
Dawson v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore, Md., 1947-1956
Missouri
Shields v. City of Chillicothe, 1955
Williams v. City of Kansas City, 1951-1953
New Jersey
Scurry v. Sukup, 1951
Valle v. Stengel, 1949
South Carolina
Clark v. Flory, 1956
Commings v. City of Charleston, 1960-1961
Walker v. Shaw, 1961-1963
Tennessee
Easterly v. Dempster, 1952
Hart v. Knox County, 1948
Texas
Beal v. Holcombe, 1951
Byars v. White, 1955-1956
Fleming v. Garrison, 1955
Register v. Sandefer, 1949
Virginia
Department of Conservation & Dev. v. Tate, 1956
Washington, D.C.
Camp v. Recreational Bd. for the District of Columbia, 1951
TRANSPORTATION
The fund challenged various state laws requiring segregated travel in buses and trains. Suits contended that separate quarters were not equal and also raised jurisdictional questions. The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was eventually vested with the authority to revoke segregation when it impeded interstate commerce, and cases involving segregation on interstate trains and buses were thereafter heard by the ICC. Local transit authorities, mainly city bus and street-car systems, continued to be challenged in the courts.
Alabama
Jones v. Southeastern Greyhound Lines, 1953
California
Whitmore v. Southern Pac. Co., 1951
Florida
City of Jacksonville v. Watkins, 1946
Herndon v. Tallahassee Transit Co., 1957
Taylor v. Seaboard Air Line R.R., 1953
Georgia
Coke v. City of Atlanta, 1958-1960
Illinois
Johnson v. Illinois Cent. R.R., 1951
Ward v. Chicago & E. Ill. R.R., 1951
Maryland
Henderson v. United States, 1950
New York
Jackson v. Seaboard Air Line Ry., 1947
New York
Morris v. Greyhound Corp., 1954
NAACP v. Saint Louis-San Francisco Ry., 1953
Worthy v. Louisville & Nashville R.R., 1948
North Carolina
Keys v. Carolina Coach Co., 1952-1961
South Carolina
Brown v. South Carolina Elec. and Gas Co., 1956
Flemming v. South Carolina Elec. and Gas Co., 1954-1956
Tennessee
Evers v. Dwyer, 1958
Virginia
Boynton v. Virginia, 1959-1960
Brown v. Southern R.R. Co., 1947 (and other southern states)
Day v. Atlantic Greyhound Corp., 1948
Roberts v. Seaboard Air Line Ry., 1944
Virginia v. Carolina Coach Co., 1950
Virginia v. Simms, 1951
Virginia v. Wilson, 1953
Williams v. Carolina Coach Co., 1953
West Virginia
Brown v. County Court of Kanawha County, W.Va., circa 1959
Brown v. Hanna, 1945
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