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| Container | Contents | ||||||||||||
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| Oversize, 1950-1968 (continued) | |||||||||||||
| Box 5 (continued) | |||||||||||||
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| BOX OV 7 | Box 6 | ||||||||||||
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| BOX OV 8 | Box 7 | ||||||||||||
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| BOX OV 9 | Box 8 | ||||||||||||
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| BOX OV 10 | Box 9 | ||||||||||||
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| BOX OV 11 | Box 10 | ||||||||||||
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| BOX OV 12 | Box 11 | ||||||||||||
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| Index of Legal Cases by Category and State | |||||||||||||
| ARMED FORCES | |||||||||||||
| The Truman administration adopted a policy in 1948 of "equality of treatment and opportunity" in a plan which called for racial integration of the United States armed forces by 1954. The Korean War accelerated the process so that integration was to be implemented by 1952. However, the NAACP continued to receive and investigate complaints of bias relating to assignments, promotion, discipline, or the administration of military justice. Furthermore, integration was much slower in reserve units, and few African Americans received Reserve Officer Training Corps scholarship awards. Finally, the fund challenged lingering segregation in schools, housing, and other collateral activities on military bases. | |||||||||||||
| Guam | |||||||||||||
| Burns v. Wilson, 1952 | |||||||||||||
| New York | |||||||||||||
| Lawton v. Dewey, undated | |||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania | |||||||||||||
| Tomlinson v. Selective Serv. Draft Bd., 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Korean and World War II court martial records, 1943-1952 | |||||||||||||
| CIVIL RIGHTS PROTEST DEMONSTRATIONS | |||||||||||||
| By 1960, court cases and integration efforts were sometimes accompanied by forms of social protest such as sit-ins and group marches. Demonstrators were often arrested for breach of peace or trespassing and some were defended by the fund. | |||||||||||||
| Alabama | |||||||||||||
| Alabama v. Allen, 1964-1965 | |||||||||||||
| Alabama v. Gray, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Alabama v. Hanson, 1963 | |||||||||||||
| Alabama v. Robinson, 1963 | |||||||||||||
| Banks v. Alabama, 1963-1964 | |||||||||||||
| Carter v. City of Birmingham, 1965 | |||||||||||||
| Clemons v. Alabama, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Cruikshank v. Alabama, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Fowlkes v. Alabama, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Johnson v. Alabama, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Shelton v. Alabama, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Smith v. Alabama, 1963 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Thomas v. City of Birmingham, 1963 | |||||||||||||
| Webster v. City of Birmingham, 1963-1965 | |||||||||||||
| California | |||||||||||||
| Hughes v. Lucky Stores, Inc., 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Louisiana | |||||||||||||
| Byrd v. City of New Orleans, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Diamond v. Louisiana, 1962-1964 | |||||||||||||
| Maryland | |||||||||||||
| Maryland v. Askin, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| North Carolina | |||||||||||||
| Avent v. North Carolina, 1962 | |||||||||||||
| North Carolina v. Williams, 1960 | |||||||||||||
| South Carolina | |||||||||||||
| City of Darlington v. Stanley, 1960-1961 | |||||||||||||
| CRIMINAL LAW | |||||||||||||
| The fund litigated cases in which a defendant claimed denial of due process because of racial discrimination. Usually these cases raised questions about jury selection, coerced confessions, competent legal representation, and unfair sentencing. Some cases involved lynchings; others concerned police misconduct and racial segregation in prisons. | |||||||||||||
| Alabama | |||||||||||||
| Alabama v. Fikes, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Arrington v. Alabama, 1949-1950 | |||||||||||||
| Fikes v. Alabama, 1953-1956 | |||||||||||||
| Hamilton v. Alabama, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Huff v. Alabama, 1957 | |||||||||||||
| Middlebrooks v. City of Birmingham, 1964 | |||||||||||||
| Reeves v. Alabama, 1953-1957 | |||||||||||||
| California | |||||||||||||
| Civil Rights Congress of the City and County of San Francisco v. Warren, 1950 | |||||||||||||
| Hardyman v. Collins, 1950 | |||||||||||||
| In re Middlebrooks, undated | |||||||||||||
| Nichols v. McGee, 1957 | |||||||||||||
| Connecticut | |||||||||||||
| Connecticut v. Higgs, 1953-1955 | |||||||||||||
| United States ex rel. Rogers v. Cummings, 1956 | |||||||||||||
| Florida | |||||||||||||
| Florida v. Jordan, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| Furlow v. Florida, 1965 | |||||||||||||
| Irvin v. Florida, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Shepherd v. Florida, 1950-1952 | |||||||||||||
| Georgia | |||||||||||||
| Georgia v. Henderson, 1950 | |||||||||||||
| Georgia v. Ingram, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Georgia v. Walker, 1966 | |||||||||||||
| Griffin v. Georgia, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| Ingram v. Georgia, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Jones v. Balkcom, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Mosley v. Georgia, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| Whitus v. Georgia, 1961 | |||||||||||||
| Worthy v. Foster, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Illinois | |||||||||||||
| Illinois v. Atkins, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Illinois v. DeRose, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| Williams v. Illinois, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| Iowa | |||||||||||||
| Iowa ex rel. Hooper v. Bennett, 1959-1960 | |||||||||||||
| Louisiana | |||||||||||||
| Guice v. Mayeaux, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Leib v. O'Neal, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Maryland | |||||||||||||
| Adams v. Maryland, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| Michigan | |||||||||||||
| Clark v. Michigan, 1956 | |||||||||||||
| Mississippi | |||||||||||||
| Hawkins v. Mississippi, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| Johnson v. Mississippi, 1954-1955 | |||||||||||||
| Kennard v. Mississippi, 1961-1963 | |||||||||||||
| Mississippi v. Johnson, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| Robinson v. Mississippi, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| United States ex rel. Goldsby v. Wiggins, 1957 | |||||||||||||
| New Jersey | |||||||||||||
| Dukes v. Hanna, 1952-1954 | |||||||||||||
| New Jersey v. Lewis; New Jersey v. Parker, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| Williams v. Glasco, 1949 | |||||||||||||
| New York | |||||||||||||
| Capel v. Shaw, 1949 | |||||||||||||
| Cavers v. Grasheim, 1961 | |||||||||||||
| New York ex rel. Bracey v. Salter, 1949 | |||||||||||||
| New York v. Cornelius, 1955 | |||||||||||||
| New York v. Kelly, undated | |||||||||||||
| Woodruff v. Village of Port Chester, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| North Carolina | |||||||||||||
| Daniels v. North Carolina, 1949-1950 | |||||||||||||
| In re Ingram, 1953 | |||||||||||||
| North Carolina v. Jackson, 1954 | |||||||||||||
| North Carolina v. Simmons, 1951 | |||||||||||||
| Ohio | |||||||||||||
| Haley v. Ohio, 1948 | |||||||||||||
| United States v. Brandt, 1954 | |||||||||||||
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