Skip to main content
  American Folklife Center  Willard Rhodes papers

Willard Rhodes papers

 Collection
Identifier: AFC 1980/041

Scope and Content Note

Field notebooks, correspondence, publications, and photographs, related to Willard Rhodes' field expeditions to Native American communities between 1938 and 1952 on behalf of the Library of Congress and the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The notebooks contain Rhodes' field notes, transcriptions, translations, and some musical notation, relating to audio recordings of Native American songs. Correspondence (1948-1979) relates primarily to the ten albums of Native American music recorded and edited by Rhodes in the Music of the American Indian series. Tribes recorded by Rhodes include Apache, Bannock, Caddo, Cherokee, Cheyenne, Chinook, Choctaw, Comanche, Creek, Delaware, Hopi, Kiowa, Klallam, Lummi, Navajo, Omaha , Paiute, Pawnee, Potawatomi, Pueblo, Quinault, San Ildefonso, Seminole, Shaker, Shoshone, Sioux, Skagit, Taos, Tewa, Tlingit, Tsaiyak, Ute, Washo, Wichita, and Zuni songs. The collections also includes 8 government and mission publications from Sioux communities.

Photographs of native peoples of Washington State were taken by Juel E. Lange in conjunction Willard Rhodes’ fieldwork. Selected photos were published in the booklet accompanying the original edition of Music of the American Indian: Northwest (Puget Sound) AFS L34. Photographs of Sioux and Pueblo children appear to have been taken by Willard Rhodes. Included in the collection are three 8 x 10 in. black-and-white photographic prints from the Bureau of Indian Affairs of BIA schools.

Dates

  • Creation: 1938-1979

Language of Materials

In English and numerous Native American languages.

Access and Restrictions

Collection is open for research. To request materials, please contact the Folklife Reading Room at http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.afc/folklife.contact

Copyright Status

Duplication of collection materials may be governed by copyright and other restrictions.

Biographical Note

While working for the Bureau of Indian Affairs with equipment supplied in part by the Library of Congress, Willard Rhodes, professor of music at Columbia University recorded the music of fifty Native American tribes living primarily in the western United States. He documented, in addition to traditional genres, Christian hymns in native languages, songs with English words, and other music of recent composition. He undertook nine field surveys of Native American music between 1940 and 1952. The recordings included 260 audio discs (1940-1949) and 50 7-inch audio tape reels (1950-1952). The field projects, intended to document new music in Native American communities as well as the traditional music that was being performed, were sponsored by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The Library of Congress issued ten LP recordings based on the collection through the cooperation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Indian Arts and Crafts Board. Rhodes also edited two albums on Smithsonian Folkways Records. A selection of Native American music, recorded by Rhodes, was released on the Voyager Golden Record (1977).

Extent

140 items ; 2 containers ; .6 linear feet.
11 photographs : film negatives, black and white.
39 photographic prints : black and white ; various sizes.
1 photographic print : color ; 3 x 4 in.
16 field notebooks.
16 folders.

Abstract

Field notebooks, correspondence, publications, and photographs, related to Willard Rhodes' field expeditions to Native American communities between 1938 and 1952 on behalf of the Library of Congress and the Bureau of Indian Affairs. The notebooks contain Rhodes' field notes, transcriptions, translations, and some musical notation, relating to audio recordings of Native American songs. Correspondence (1948-1979) relates primarily to the ten albums of Native American music recorded and edited by Rhodes in the Music of the American Indian series. Tribes recorded by Rhodes include Apache, Bannock, Caddo, Cherokee, Cheyenne, Chinook, Choctaw, Comanche, Creek, Delaware, Hopi, Kiowa, Klallam, Lummi, Navajo, Omaha , Paiute, Pawnee, Potawatomi, Pueblo, Quinault, San Ildefonso, Seminole, Shaker, Shoshone, Sioux, Skagit, Taos, Tewa, Tlingit, Tsaiyak, Ute, Washo, Wichita, and Zuni songs. The collections also includes eight government and mission publications from Sioux communities.

Arrangement

Collection is arranged in two series: Manuscripts and Visual Materials.

Additional Guides

Inventory is available in the Folklife Reading Room.

Acquisition

Willard Rhodes; 1980.

Electronic Format

Additional formats include 3396 master digital files, scanned from the originals, 2018.

Title
Guides to the Collections in the Archive of Folk Culture
Subtitle
AFC 1980/041
Author
Prepared by Kelly Revak
Date
March 2019
Language of description
English
Script of description
Latin

Part of the American Folklife Center Repository

Contact:
American Folklife Center Reading Room
101 Independence AV, SE
Thomas Jefferson Building, G31
Washington, DC 20540-4810
(202) 707-5510